Environmental standards and criteria

Table 1. Toxicity thresholds (estimated as EC10, EC50/3 or LOEC) of chemical pollutants for representative species of marine coastal ecosystems.
Toxic Species Endpoint TT µg L-1 Reference
Naphthalene Isochrysis galbana Population growth (48 h) light EC10 755 Pérez et al. (2010)
Mytilus galloprovincialis Early larval growth (48 h) EC10 4037 Bellas et al. (2008)
Siriella armata Neonate mortality (96 h) EC10 42.4 Pérez & Beiras (2009)
Paracentrotus lividus Early larval growth (48 h) EC10 649 Bellas et al. (2008)
Ciona intestinalis Early larval growth (48 h) EC10 610 Bellas et al. (2008)
Ciona intestinalis Early larval growth (48 h) light EC10 3025 Bellas et al. (2008)
Psetta maxima Larval survival (96 h) EC10 52.6 Mhadhbi et al. (2010)
Psetta maxima Larval survival (96 h) light EC10 50.0 Mhadhbi et al. (2010)
Phenanthrene Isochrysis galbana Population growth (48 h) light EC10 232 Pérez et al. (2010)
Mytilus galloprovincialis Early larval growth (48 h) EC10 29 Bellas et al. (2008)
Siriella armata Mortality (96 h) LC50/3 5.2 Pérez & Beiras (2009)
Palaemon serratus Larval survival (72 h) LC50/3 44 Mariño-Balsa (2003)
Palaemon serratus Larval survival (72 h) light LC50/3 30 Mariño-Balsa (2003)
Paracentrotus lividus Early larval growth (48 h) EC10 460 Bellas et al. (2008)
Paracentrotus lividus Early larval growth (48 h) light EC10 105 Bellas et al. (2008)
Ciona intestinalis Early larval growth (48 h) EC10 428 Bellas et al. (2008)
Ciona intestinalis Early larval growth (48 h) light EC10 262.3 Bellas et al. (2008)
Psetta maxima Larval survival (96 h) EC10 6.7 Mhadhbi et al. (2010)
Psetta maxima Larval survival (96 h) light EC10 4.5 Mhadhbi et al. (2010)
Fluoranthene Isochrysis galbana Population growth (48 h) light EC10 76.9 Pérez et al. (2010)
Mytilus galloprovincialis Early larval growth (48 h) EC10 >252.9 Bellas et al. (2008)
Mytilus galloprovincialis Early larval growth (48 h) light EC10 33.6 Bellas et al. (2008)
Siriella armata Mortality (96 h) EC10 21.5 Pérez & Beiras (2009)
Palaemon serratus Larval survival (72 h) LC50/3 31.3 Mariño-Balsa (2003)
Palaemon serratus Larval survival (72 h) light LC50/3 10.7 Mariño-Balsa (2003)
Paracentrotus lividus Early larval growth (48 h) EC10 26.7 Bellas et al. (2008)
Paracentrotus lividus Early larval growth (48 h) light EC10 20.8 Bellas et al. (2008)
Ciona intestinalis Early larval growth (48 h) EC10 >252.9 Bellas et al. (2008)
Ciona intestinalis Early larval growth (48 h) light EC10 242.0 Bellas et al. (2008)
Psetta maxima Larval survival (96 h) EC10 4.7 Mhadhbi et al. (2010)
Psetta maxima Larval survival (96 h) light EC10 2.6 Mhadhbi et al. (2010)
Pyrene Isochrysis galbana Population growth (48 h) light EC10 56 Pérez et al. (2010)
Mytilus galloprovincialis Embryo development (48 h) EC10 94.1 Bellas et al. (2008)
Mytilus galloprovincialis Embryo development (48 h) light EC10 8.3 Bellas et al. (2008)
Siriella armata Mortality (96 h) EC10 14.6 Pérez & Beiras (2009)
Paracentrotus lividus Early larval growth (48 h) EC10 69.2 Bellas et al. (2008)
Paracentrotus lividus Early larval growth (48 h) light EC10 23.5 Bellas et al. (2008)
Psetta maxima Larval survival (96 h) EC10 18.5 Mhadhbi et al. (2010)
Psetta maxima Larval survival (96 h) light EC10 3.4 Mhadhbi et al. (2010)
Triclosan Isochrysis galbana Population growth (72 h) light EC10 15  
Mytilus galloprovincialis Early larval growth (48 h) EC10 149.8 Tato et al. (2018)
Acartia clausi Nauplius mortality (48 h) EC10 64.8  
Paracentrotus lividus Early larval growth (48 h) EC10 130  
TBT Mytilus galloprovincialis Embryo development (48 h) EC10 0.16 Beiras & Bellas (2008)
Palaemon serratus Larval survival (48 h) LC50/3 5.8 Bellas et al. (2005)
Paracentrotus lividus Early larval growth (48 h) EC50/3 0.1 Bellas et al. (2005)
Ciona intestinalis Embryo development (20 h) EC50/3 2.4 Bellas et al. (2005)
Chlorpyrifos Isochrysis galbana Population growth (48 h) light EC10 230  
Mytilus galloprovincialis Embryo development (48 h) EC10 79.1 Beiras & Bellas (2008)
Siriella armata Neonate Mortality (96 h) EC10 0.012 Pérez & Beiras (2009)
Palaemon serratus Larval survival (48 h) LOEC 0.5 Bellas et al. (2005)
Maja squinado Larval survival (48 h) LOEC 2.5 Bellas et al. (2005)
Paracentrotus lividus Early larval growth (48 h) EC50/3 100 Bellas et al. (2005)
Ciona intestinalis Embryo development (20 h) EC50/3 1888 Bellas et al. (2005)
Psetta maxima Embryo development (48 h) EC10 37.9  
Psetta maxima Larval survival  (96 h) EC10 22 Mhadhbi & Beiras (2012)
Diuron Palaemon serratus Larval survival (48 h) LOEC 10000 Bellas et al. (2005)
Paracentrotus lividus Early larval growth (48 h) EC50/3 1867 Bellas et al. (2005)
Ciona intestinalis Embryo development (20 h) EC50/3 8132 Bellas et al. (2005)
Psetta maxima Embryo development (48 h) EC10 1396 Mhadhbi & Beiras (2012)
Psetta maxima Larval survival  (96 h) EC10 3174 Mhadhbi & Beiras (2012)
γ-HCH Mytilus galloprovincialis Embryo development (48 h) EC10 1413 Beiras & Bellas (2008)
Palaemon serratus Larval survival (48 h) LOEC 0.5 Bellas et al. (2005)
Maja squinado Larval survival (24 h) LOEC 4 Bellas et al. (2005)
Paracentrotus lividus Early larval growth (48 h) LOEC 750 Bellas et al. (2005)
Ciona intestinalis Embryo development (20 h) EC50/3 1471 Bellas et al. (2005)
Bisphenol A Isochrysis galbana Population growth (72 h) light EC10 600  
Mytilus galloprovincialis Embryogenesis (48 h) EC10 1126 Tato et al. (2018)
Acartia clausii Nauplius mortality (48 h) EC10 186  
Paracentrotus lividus Early larval growth (48 h) EC10 480  
4-Nonylphenol Isochrysis galbana Inhibition of growth (72 h) EC10 11.1 Bellas et al. (2005)
Acartia clausi Nauplius mortality (48 h) EC10 29.0 Tato et al. (2018)
Paracentrotus lividus Early larval growth (48 h) EC10 53.8  
Benzophenone-3 I. galbana Population growth (72 h) EC10 3.7 Paredes et al. (2014)
P. tricornutum Population growth (72 h) LOEC >300 S. Pérez & R. Beiras unpub.
M. galloprovincialis Early larval growth (48 h) EC10 2146 Paredes et al. (2014)
A. clausi Nauplius survival (48 h) EC10 102 R. Beiras & S. López-Ibáñez, unpub.
T. fulvus Nauplius immobility (48 h) LOEC 1000 Paredes et al. (2014)
S. armata Neonate mortality (96h) EC10 421 Paredes et al. (2014)
P. lividus Early larval growth (48 h) EC10 2423 Paredes et al. (2014)
4-MBC I. galbana Population growth (72 h) EC10 5.4 Paredes et al. (2014)
M. galloprovincialis Early larval growth (48 h) EC10 411 Paredes et al. (2014)
S. armata Neonate mortality (96h) LC10 71.6 Paredes et al. (2014)
P. lividus Early larval growth (48 h) EC10 239 Paredes et al. (2014)
EHMC I. galbana Population growth (72 h) EC10 51.5 Paredes et al. (2014)
M. galloprovincialis Early larval growth (48 h) EC10 431 Paredes et al. (2014)
S. armata Neonate mortality (96h) LC10 80.8 Paredes et al. (2014)
P. lividus Early larval growth (48 h) EC10 48.8 Paredes et al. (2014)
Octocrylene I. galbana Population growth (72 h) EC10 103 Giraldo et al. (2017)
M. galloprovincialis Early larval growth (48 h) EC10 511 Giraldo et al. (2017)
A. clausi Neonate mortality (96h) LOEC 50 P. Campoy & R. Beiras unpub.
P. lividus Early larval growth (48 h) EC10 562 Giraldo et al. (2017)
C. variegatus Hatching (9 d) LOEC 960 R. Beiras & M. Veiga, unpub.
OD-PABA I. galbana Population growth (72 h) EC10 26.5 Giraldo et al. (2017)
M. galloprovincialis Larval development (48 h) EC10 37 Giraldo et al. (2017)
P. lividus Early larval growth (48 h) EC10 127 Giraldo et al. (2017)
Fluoxetine A. clausi Larval mortality (48 h) LC10 34.4 A. Vilas & R. Beiras unpub.
P. lividus Early larval growth (48 h) EC10 14.0 A. Vilas & R. Beiras unpub.
Cyprinodon variegatus ELS (9 d)     A. Vilas & R. Beiras unpub.
Caffeine A. clausi Larval mortality (48 h) LC10 >2400 A. Vilas & R. Beiras unpub.
P. lividus Early larval growth (48 h) LOEC >2400 A. Vilas & R. Beiras unpub.
Cyprinodon variegatus ELS (9 d)     A. Vilas & R. Beiras unpub.
Sulfamethoxazole P. lividus Early larval growth (48 h) LOEC 5000 A. Vilas & R. Beiras unpub.
Ibuprofen P. lividus Early larval growth (48 h) LOEC >10,000 A. Vilas & R. Beiras unpub.
Diclofenac P. lividus Early larval growth (48 h) NOEC >2300 R. Beiras unpub.
Ecotox Research Ecotoxicology Marine Chemical Pollution